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THE LINGNAN SCHOOL >>
THE HISTORY >>
THE
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THE ROOTS
The Qing dynasty closed
China to maritime trade in 1757, just at the moment when European nations
were expanding their international commerce. Guangzhou (Canton) was the only
legal port for trade between China and the outside world until 1843. This
southeastern region, which includes modern Guangdong province, was commonly
referred to as Lingnan, and produced some of the most important political
thinkers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, including
Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, who advocated replacing the imperial system
with a constitutional monarchy, and Sun Yat-sen, who established China's
first republic in 1911.
The development of a Cantonese manner of painting began in the nineteenth
century, but did not attain national visibility and a distinctive style
until the first part of the twentieth century. The leader of the Lingnan
School of painting was Gao Jianfu (1879-1950?), who joined the Alliance
Society (Tongmeng hui), founded by Sun Yat-sen in 1905 to overthrow the
emperor. After 1911 he devoted himself instead to a revolution in art. In
his painting, publications, and teaching, he promoted the development of a
New National Painting (xin guohua). He and his followers, most notably his
younger brother GAO Qifeng, combined the local style with elements of
Western and Japanese realist painting to create an art that they hoped would
be more accessible to the citizenry of China's new republic than the
literati painting of the past.
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The Roots and Branches
of the Lingnan school of Painting |
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Song guangbao and meng
jinyi
( Center China bird and flower painters brought to Canton in retinue
of imperial government official, first half of 19th century
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JU LIAN
JU CHAO
( 1827 - 1904 )
( Innovative professional flower painter and teacher of these artists
around 1900 )
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GAO JIAN-FU 1987-1951
GAO QI-FENG 1889-1935
CHEN SHU-REN 1883-1949
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The three founders of the
Lingnan School Study in Japan, 1906-1911, and participate in Republican
Revolution of 1911.
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Disciples at Spring Slumber
Studio
in Canton, 1924-1937 |
Disciples at Heavenly Breeze Pavilion in
Canton, 1929-1935 |
one direct Follower
Low Chun-Jo |
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The Lingnan School of painting |
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